Creation of a Stable Family Unit
25 BC: Marcellus, the son of Augustus' sister Octavia, married Augustus' daughter, Julia the Younger, and became the heir apparent. He gained experience and was presented at the Games alongside Augustus. However, by the age of 19, Marcellus died suddenly in a fever epidemic.
21 BC: Agrippa married Julia the Younger and was given Augustus' signet ring whist he is ill in 23 BC. Gaius and Lucius, the sons of Agrippa and Julia the Younger, are adopted by Augustus. Agrippa, however, becomes ill and dies.
11 BC: Livia's son, Tiberius, is married to Julia the Younger after being forced to divorce his wife, Vipsania. However, in 6 BC, Tiberius retired to the Greek island of Rhodes.
2 BC: Augustus permanently exiled Julia the Younger to a barren island due to adultery. Tiberius was allowed to return from retirement, but, Lucius, aged 19, dies in an accident on his way to a command in Spain.
4 AD: Gaius Caesar, aged 24, dies in Italy through wounds picked up when putting down a revolt in the East. Augustus adopts Tiberius and Postumus Agrippa, the youngest son of Agrippa and Julia the Younger. He also compels Tiberius to adopt Germanicus, the son of his niece, Antonia.
7 AD: Agrippa disinherits and exiles Postumus Agrippa.
14 AD: Augustus, aged 77, becomes very ill and dies. Postumus Agrippa is killed, rumoured to be as a part of orders in Augustus' will. Tiberius, aged 55, assumed power as Augustus' successor.
21 BC: Agrippa married Julia the Younger and was given Augustus' signet ring whist he is ill in 23 BC. Gaius and Lucius, the sons of Agrippa and Julia the Younger, are adopted by Augustus. Agrippa, however, becomes ill and dies.
11 BC: Livia's son, Tiberius, is married to Julia the Younger after being forced to divorce his wife, Vipsania. However, in 6 BC, Tiberius retired to the Greek island of Rhodes.
2 BC: Augustus permanently exiled Julia the Younger to a barren island due to adultery. Tiberius was allowed to return from retirement, but, Lucius, aged 19, dies in an accident on his way to a command in Spain.
4 AD: Gaius Caesar, aged 24, dies in Italy through wounds picked up when putting down a revolt in the East. Augustus adopts Tiberius and Postumus Agrippa, the youngest son of Agrippa and Julia the Younger. He also compels Tiberius to adopt Germanicus, the son of his niece, Antonia.
7 AD: Agrippa disinherits and exiles Postumus Agrippa.
14 AD: Augustus, aged 77, becomes very ill and dies. Postumus Agrippa is killed, rumoured to be as a part of orders in Augustus' will. Tiberius, aged 55, assumed power as Augustus' successor.
19 AD: Germanicus dies In Syria and is rumoured to have been poisoned by Piso, the governor of the province.
23 AD: Drusus dies of a mysterious illness. there are rumours that he was poisoned by his wife, Livilla, and her lover and prefect of the Praetorian Guard, Sejanus.
37 AD: Tiberius dies and is succeeded by Caligula, one of the few remaining male descendants of Augustus.
23 AD: Drusus dies of a mysterious illness. there are rumours that he was poisoned by his wife, Livilla, and her lover and prefect of the Praetorian Guard, Sejanus.
37 AD: Tiberius dies and is succeeded by Caligula, one of the few remaining male descendants of Augustus.
Suetonius"Gaius and Lucius he adopted at home, privately buying them from their father by a symbolic sale, and initiated them into administrative life when they were still young, sending them to the provinces and the armies as consuls elect".
"In bringing up his daughter and his granddaughters he even had them taught spinning and weaving, and he forbade them to say or do anything except openly and such as might be recorded in the household diary. He was most strict in keeping them from meeting strangers, once writing to Lucius Vinicius, a young man of good position and character: "You have acted presumptuously in coming to Baiae to call on my daughter"". "He taught his grandsons reading, swimming, and the other elements of education, for the most part himself, taking special pains to train them to imitate his own handwriting; and he never dined in their company unless they sat beside him on the lowest couch, or made a journey unless they preceded his carriage or rode close by it on either side". "He found the two Julias, his daughter and granddaughter, guilty of every form of vice, and banished them. He lost Gaius and Lucius within the span of eighteen months, for the former died in Lycia and the latter at Massilia. He then publicly adopted his third grandson Agrippa and at the same time his stepson Tiberius by a bill passed in the assembly of the curiae; but he soon disowned Agrippa because of his low tastes and violent temper, and sent him off to Surrentum". "My son-in‑law Agrippa has taken good care, by building several aqueducts, that men shall not go thirsty". "Augustus occasionally found Agrippa lacking in patience and Maecenas in the gift of silence; for the former because of a slight suspicion of coolness and of a preference shown for Marcellus, threw up everything and went off to Mytilene, while the latter betrayed to his wife Terentia the secret of the discovery of the conspiracy of Murena". "When there was occasion to choose another vestal in place of one who had died, and many used all their influence to avoid submitting their daughters to the hazard of the lot, he solemnly swore that if anyone of his grand-daughters were of eligible age, he would have proposed her name". |
Res Gestae Divi Augusti"Gaius and Lucius were for my honour designated as consuls when they were fourteen, with the provision that they should enter the magistracy after the lapse of five years. And the Senate decreed that from the day when they were led into the forum they should take part in the councils of state".
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