Mark Antony & Cleopatra
Year41 BC
37 BC 36 BC 35 BC 33 BC 32 BC 31 BC 30 BC |
EventAntony meets Cleopatra and winters with her in Alexandria.
Antony sends Octavia, Octavian's sister, back to Italy while she is pregnant with their second child. He is reinforced by Cleopatra's armies. Antony abandons his campaign in Asia, losing many men to disease and starvation in the retreat to Egypt. Octavia brings troops, supplies and money to Athens for Antony, but he refuses to meet her and sends her home. Antony regains Armenia from Parthia. Donations of Alexandria: Antony distributes the kingdoms of the east to the children of Cleopatra as a gift. Declares Caesarion, Caesar's son, as co-ruler of Egypt and Cyprus. Alexander Hellios receives Armenia and Media, Cleopatra Selene receives kingdoms of Cyrenaica and Libya, Ptolemy Philadelphus receives Egyptian possessions in Phoenicia, Syria and Cilicia. Establishes Cleopatra as a Hellenistic monarch and gives her the title "Queen of Kings". Octavian condemns the Donations of Alexandria in a speech in the Senate - 'de summa Republica'. Antony divorces Octavia. Antony declared an enemy of the state by the Senate. War declared on Antony and Cleopatra. Octavian forced the high priest of the Vestal Virgins to hand over Antony's will which gave information about the handing-over of Roman territories to Cleopatra's children and plans to build a shared-tomb for himself and Cleopatra in Alexandria. Octavian lands in Egypt with an army of 15 legions. Agrippa blocks lines of communication through strategic placing of 300 war galleys. Agrippa takes Antony's headquarters. A third of Antony's oarsmen lost to desertion, malnutrition and disease. Antony defeated at Battle of Actium. Egyptian fleet retreats with Cleopatra and Antony. Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide. |